Transformational Leadership

As I watched the last Presidential debate last night I couldn’t stop thinking of the behavior of the two candidates in connection with my research on emotion at work. In the book, Emotions in the Workplace: Research, Theory and Practice, the authors presented the following insight:

“…there is evidence that undesirable emotional states limit our cognitive functioning (Avia, 19917). Stress, for instance, hampers our ability to think (Zaccaro, 1995) and increases the tendency to make decisions based on experience rather than intelligence (Feidler, 1995).”

McCain sure seems stressed. To my mind, what otherwise might be construed as passion for his country comes across as anger. Anger at pretty much everything. Of the rabid dog kind. The behavior is not reassuring during a period of global chaos.

On the other hand, according to research found in Emotions in the Workplace, “The abilities to create and to test trust quickly are important. This forces one in the direction of reliable behavior. The final acid test then becomes: how comfortable is the other person, is he or she playing tricks, is there a hidden agenda, does he or she play games, and I at ease?”

I don’t know about you, but Obama’s measured, reliable behavior speaks to a quality of leadership that is tailored-made for these tough times. We need transformational leadership and Neal Ashkanasy, Charmine Hartel and Wilfred Zerbe, the author of the Emotions in the Workplace, presented this insight:

“…that transformational leadership is intrinsically associated with emotional intelligence. The resulting propositions are:

Proposition 11a: Compared to other leaders, transformational leaders have a clear understanding of their own emotions, and are more in touch with their own emotions.

Proposition 11b: Compared to other leaders, and because they are more in touch with their own emotions (P11a), transformational leaders are more able to regulate their own emotions.

Proposition 11c: Since they are more able to regulate their own emotions (P11b), transformational leaders are more emotionally stable and less stressed than other leaders.

Proposition 11d: Compared to other leaders, transformational leaders are better able to understand others’ emotions.

Proposition 11e: Since they are better able to understand others’ emotions (P11d), transformational leaders are more able than other leaders to emphasize with their followers.

Proposition 11f: Partly because they are better able to emphasize with their followers (P11e), transformational leaders are more able than other leaders to engender affective commitment among their followers.”

Hmmm, based on the above, is there any question who has the right stuff to lead the charge for change?

Politically Incorrect Gender Equality

Eight years ago Barbara and Allan Pease wrote the following:

“The education system favors boys and disadvantages girls in mathematical exams because studies show that girls suffering PMS have testosterone levels that are significantly lower during this phase. One study showed that girls with PMS scored 14 percent lower on mathematical exams when they had PMS than girls who weren’t suffering PMS. A fairer system would be to arrange exams to take place at a time that is biologically more suitable for girls. Boys can take the tests at any time.”

I was disturbed by this finding. Could it be that in our push for equality, we’ve ended up supporting a system that penalizes us for a biological difference? All I know is that I sure wish I’d read their book, Why Men Don’t Listen and Women Can’t Read Maps, when it was first published. As the mother of two daughters in college, think of the advantage such a simple fact might have provided them during their punishing two years of standardized test taking. And for those of you with daughters taking the SATs, it might behoove you to focus on the test date a little bit more intimately.

Don’t you think this is something our educators should discuss?

Emotion and the Markets

David Brooks was onto something interesting in today’s op-ed column in The New York Times. This was the first piece I’ve come across addressing how emotional distance may have contributed to the financial crisis. He wrote:

The economists talk about mispriced risk and illiquidity in the system. But many economists are trained to downplay emotion, social psychology and moral norms, and so produce bloodless and incomplete descriptions of what’s going on. The truth is, decision-making is an inherently emotional process, and the traders in charge of these trillions become bipolar as a result of their uncertainty.

Brooks point?

1. Traders don’t see reality directly they view its shadow in technical models on their computers.
2.  Social and emotional contagion fuel increasingly irrational decisions.

It’s time to get real. Maybe we should stop looking at complex financial scenarios and start using common sense. Maybe we should stop listening to on-air hysteria-inducing bloviators and start trusting our emotional gut if it feels too good to be true, that’s probably the case. And if you’re frightened out of your wits, step back, and take a deep breath before jumping.

Women and Tears

Have you ever wondered why you feel like crying during a well-executed AT&T advertisement, even when you know you’re being emotionally manipulated? Do you think you cry more often because you were socialized growing up to feel that emotions mattered and women are more naturally care-givers? Sure, society certainly plays a role in how we develop, but perhaps more importantly, women are, biologically wired to cry more.

We have higher levels of the hormone, prolactin, which controls, among other things, the development of tear glands. That means that we are 4 times more likely to cry than men. And our tear glands are even constructed differently from men. According to Dr. William Frey, who studies tears, when men cry 73 percent of the time tears do not fall down their cheeks  they get misty-eyed. Tears, on the other hand, almost always flow down women’s cheeks.

Are there times at work when you’ve cried and you wish you had not?

Can Women Grow Success at Work?

Michael Gurian and Barbara Annis reported the following in their book Leadership and the Sexes,

Catalyst Corporation has found that the group of companies with the highest representation of women on their top management teams experienced better financial performance than the group of companies with the lowest women’s representation. This finding holds for both financial measures analyzed: Return on Equity (ROE), which is 35.1 percent higher, and Total Return to Shareholders (TRS), which is 34.0 percent higher.

Do you know any companies where this might be true?

The Brain Gender Gap

I love quizzes of al most any sort. Where do I fall in the political spectrum? Do I like Venice or Florence better? Am I high maintenance (see Fountain of Youth Index). I found this test purporting to reveal the gender of my brain interesting.

http://www.bbc.co.uk/science/humanbody/sex/add_user.shtml

Turns out my brain is pretty evenly male/female. My husband’s brain is slightly female, one of my daughter’s is typically female and the other daughter is the most male in the family.

I’m not sure if this reveals a weakness in the quiz or in the underlying assumptions of hard-wired gender-ness. Or if it shows the folly of binary thinking.

What do you think?

The Female Brain At Work

I’ve always thought of myself as a pretty well informed progressive woman. But reading Louann Brizendines, The Female Brian, my sense of self-awareness was blown right out of the water.

We are all aware of the prevailing viewpoint that men and women respond to events in different ways the whole men-from-mars-women-from-venus dichotomy. But I was unaware of the profound neurological and biochemical differences between the genders. After all, I came of age in the feminist 70s, when we were meant to understand and spread the word that women were not inferior to and therefore, more or less, the same as — men.

According to Brizendine, The female and male brains process stimuli, hear, see, sense, and gauge what others are feeling in different ways. Our distinct female and male brain operating systems are mostly compatible and adept, but they perform and accomplish the same goals and tasks using different circuits Under a microscope or an fMRI scan, the differences between male and female brains are revealed to be complex and widespread. In the brain centers for language and hearing, for example, women have 11 percent more neurons than men. The principal hub of both emotion and memory formation the hippocampus is also larger in the female brain, as is the brain circuitry for language and observing emotions in others. This means that women are, on average, better at expressing emotions and remembering the details of emotional events. Men, by contrast, have two and half times the brain space devoted to sexual drive as well as larger brain centers for action and aggression.

Have you ever had an experience when you knew that a negotiation was falling apart because you correctly read the emotional character of the room but your male colleagues thought you were over-reacting?